Features of laser beam diffraction on periodic phase gratings with a rectangular shape relief

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Abstract

The results of research on the diffraction of laser radiation on reflective phase diffraction grat-ings (DG), which are formed by a rectangular relief on the surface of a flat substrate, and the use of such DR for the construction of optoelectronic sensors of angular vibrations of objects are presented. Formulas for calculating the power of diffraction orders are given, calculated graphs of the dependences of the radiation power of diffraction orders on the angle of incidence of the optical wave on the DR at different depths of the relief of the DR are presented. The pos-sibility of using an optoelectronic circuit with a reflective DR for the construction of sensors of angular vibrations of the surface, seismometers and a modulator of laser radiation power is shown.

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About the authors

V. A. Komotskii

People’s Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba

Author for correspondence.
Email: vkomotskii@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 117198

References

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2. Fig. 1. Scheme of the passage of an optical wave through a relief DR located on the surface of a transparent plate.

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3. Fig. 2. Graphs of the dependences of P0/Pin. eff (solid line) and P1/Pin. eff (dashed line) on the amplitude of the PFM.

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4. Fig. 3. Scheme of reflection of light rays from the surface of the relief DR.

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5. Fig. 4. Calculated dependences of the normalized radiation powers in the zero and first diffraction orders on the angle of incidence of the light beam on the relief reflective DR at γ = 0.5 (a), 2 (b) and 3 (c).

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6. Fig. 5. Experimental normalized dependence of the radiation power in the zero diffraction order on the angle of incidence of the laser beam on the relief reflective DR (dots) and the corresponding calculated dependence for the parameter value γ = 2.13 (solid line).

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7. Fig. 6. Scheme for measuring small angular oscillations of the surface using laser beam diffraction on a relief reflective DR: 1 – laser, 2 – reflective relief DR, 3 – diaphragm, 4 – photodiode block.

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8. Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of the object angular oscillation sensor using a relief reflective DR and a corner reflector: 1 – laser, 2 – reflective relief DR, 3 – mirror, 4 – auxiliary mirror, 5 – diaphragm.

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9. Fig. 8. Scheme of the optical beam path in the device for measuring the vibrations of the earth's surface: 1 – laser, 2 – reflective relief DR, 3 - mirror, 4 – physical pendulum in the form of a disk on the axis of rotation at point "o", 5 - auxiliary mirror, 6 – diaphragm, 7 – photodiode unit.

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