Public opinion polls: options for sociological study amidst a military conflict

This review presents a critical evaluation of the methodological techniques used by the authors to summarize differing measurements of public opinion and expert opinion on the Russians’ attitudes to special operation. It is necessary to apply correct formulations of questions to study the attitude of the population towards a military conflict. Analytical conclusions of V. B. Zvonovsky and A. V. Khodykin are based on methodological and research triangulation. In their work, the authors apply techniques to reduce the sensitivity of survey instruments, assess the representativeness of the surveys conducted in Russia, and compare the results of different research companies. Attention is focused on tools and analytical techniques that deserve attention in a situation of state censorship and self-control over the safety of researchers. It is emphasized that the transparency of methodological procedures protects against manipulation of sociological information. The access to objective information about public attitudes and social tension in global transformations remains an acute issue for students.