Clinical and demographic profiles of myocardial infarction in the adult population in 2003 and 2023

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Given the global trend toward a change in the clinical profile of patients with a history of myocardial infarction, we limited this study to determining the prevalence of myocardial infarction in a representative population sample in 2003 and 2023.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of myocardial infarction and compare the clinical and demographic profiles of individuals with myocardial infarction based on data from a representative survey of the Russian population in 2003 and 2023.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of Households (RLMS-HSE), a series of annual national representative surveys based on a probability-based stratified multistage territorial sample. In the first stage, we determined the prevalence of myocardial infarction among all respondents in 2003 and 2023. In the second stage, we compared the frequency of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, smoking, and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m²) between respondents with and without a history of myocardial infarction in both years.

RESULTS: The mean age of respondents was 45.0 ± 17.8 years in 2003 and 50.7 ± 17.1 years in 2023 (p < 0.001). The prevalence of self-reported myocardial infarction was 2.7% in 2003 and 2.2% in 2023 (p < 0.01). The frequency of self-reported myocardial infarction differed between 2003 and 2023 across three age groups by sex. Among men under 45 years, the difference was significant (p = 0.01), but not among women (p = 0.5). In the 45–60 age group, the difference was significant for both men (p = 0.001) and women (p = 0.014). Similarly, in the over-60 group, the difference was significant for men (p = 0.009) and women (p = 0.049). Among respondents without myocardial infarction over 60 years, smoking prevalence increased slightly (from 13.5% to 14.5%); in the 45–60 group, the decline in smoking was marginal (from 34.6% to 32.8%).

CONCLUSION: The results indicate a decrease in myocardial infarction prevalence among both men and women, alongside an increase in mean age, diabetes prevalence, and stroke history among respondents with myocardial infarction.

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About the authors

Vera N. Larina

The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov

Author for correspondence.
Email: larinav@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7825-5597
SPIN-code: 3674-9620

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Irina V. Samorodskaya

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute

Email: samor2000@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9320-1503
SPIN-code: 6470-5709

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ivan V. Klyuchnikov

National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery named after A.N. Bakulev; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: kivdoc@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8652-9639
SPIN-code: 2752-8360

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Frequency of positive responses about a past myocardial infarction in three age groups regarding gender in the 2003 and 2023.

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3. Fig. 2. Frequency of smoking among respondents who answered “yes” and “no” to the question about having past myocardial infarction in 2003 and 2023.

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