CardioSomaticsCardioSomaticsCardioСоматика2221-71852658-5707Eco-Vector19600510.17816/CS196005ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleThe fundus of the eye as a target organ in hypertension: a literature reviewГлазное дно как орган-мишень при гипертонической болезни: обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-95451516-0095BarsukovAnton V.БарсуковАнтон Владимирович
Russian Federation

MD, D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., deputy head doctor

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. госпитальной терапии, зам. гл. врача

avbarsukov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-62617705-5756YasenovetsMaria V.ЯсеновецМария Владимировна
Russian Federation

сardiologist

врач-кардиолог клиники госпитальной терапии

eremeeva_m@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-51929522-0155ShcherbakovaKseniya A.ЩербаковаКсения Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), сardiologist

канд. мед. наук, врач-кардиолог клиники госпитальной терапии

ksu2204@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5310-08129685-6072IakovlevVladimir V.ЯковлевВладимир Валерьевич
Russian Federation

MD, D. Sci. (Med.), assoc. prof., department’s senior lecturer

д-р мед. наук, доц., зам. нач. каф. госпитальной терапии

yakovlev-mma@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5010-76611973-6961ChumakBoris A.ЧумакБорис Анатольевич
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), assoc. prof., interim head of department

канд. мед. наук., доц., врио нач. каф. госпитальной терапии

borchum07@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-96271694-8120BorisovaEkaterina V.БорисоваЕкатерина Викторовна
Russian Federation

MD, D. Sci. (Med.), head doctor

д-р мед. наук, гл. врач

borisova-ev@kardioklinika.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-39824903-2333MaltsevDmitrii S.МальцевДмитрий Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, D. Sci. (Med.), head of unit of ophthalmology clinic

д-р мед. наук, зав. отд. клиники офтальмологии

glaz.med@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-22235574-3595BurnashevaMaria A.БурнашеваМария Андреевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), ophthalmologist of ophthalmology clinic

канд. мед. наук, врач-офтальмолог клиники офтальмологии

maria.andreevna1@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-69936440-7706KulikovAlexey N.КуликовАлексей Николаевич
Russian Federation

MD, D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., head of ophthalmology clinic

д-р мед. наук, проф., нач. каф. офтальмологии

alexey.kulikov@mail.ruCardioClinicАО «КардиоКлиника»Kirov Military Medical AcademyФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России16032023121220221342132220702202305032023Copyright ©; 2023, Barsukov A.V., Yasenovets M.V., Shcherbakova K.A., Iakovlev V.V., Chumak B.A., Borisova E.V., Maltsev D.S., Burnasheva M.A., Kulikov A.N.Copyright ©; 2023, Барсуков А.В., Ясеновец М.В., Щербакова К.А., Яковлев В.В., Чумак Б.А., Борисова Е.В., Мальцев Д.С., Бурнашева М.А., Куликов А.Н.2023Barsukov A.V., Yasenovets M.V., Shcherbakova K.A., Iakovlev V.V., Chumak B.A., Borisova E.V., Maltsev D.S., Burnasheva M.A., Kulikov A.N.Барсуков А.В., Ясеновец М.В., Щербакова К.А., Яковлев В.В., Чумак Б.А., Борисова Е.В., Мальцев Д.С., Бурнашева М.А., Куликов А.Н.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://cardiosomatics.ru/2221-7185/article/view/196005

This review discusses the current understanding of hypertensive retinopathy. It describes the pathomorphology of hypertensive retinopathy according to its grade. The main approaches to classification and elements of pathophysiology are briefly considered, and the clinical significance of hypertensive changes in the fundus is examined. The characteristics of traditional and innovative methods of assessing the retina, and their accuracy in predicting the course of hypertension is discussed. Data from our investigations with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomographic angiography are presented. Our data show that uncomplicated hypertension in middle-aged men and women is accompanied by a distinct reduction in the diameter of the retinal arterioles and an expansion of the foveal avascular zone at the level of the superficial capillary plexus of the retina. We review the literature and present the results of our observations, demonstrating the retinoprotective benefits of antihypertensive therapy.

В обзоре рассматриваются современные представления о гипертонической ретинопатии. Описана патоморфология гипертонической ретинопатии в зависимости от её градации. Кратко рассмотрены основные классификационные подходы, элементы патофизиологии, раскрыта клиническая значимость изменений глазного дна при артериальной гипертензии. Дана характеристика традиционным и инновационным методам оценки сетчатки, показана их значимость в аспекте прогнозирования течения гипертонической болезни. В статье отражены результаты собственных наблюдений (полученные на основе данных сканирующей лазерной офтальмоскопии и оптической когерентной томографической ангиографии), которые показали, что неосложнённое течение гипертонической болезни у лиц среднего возраста независимо от их гендерной принадлежности сопровождается отчётливой редукцией диаметра ретинальных артериол и расширением площади фовеальной аваскулярной зоны на уровне поверхностного капиллярного сплетения сетчатки. Приведены данные клинических исследований и результаты собственного наблюдения, свидетельствующие о ретинопротективной пользе антигипертензивной терапии.

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