CardioSomaticsCardioSomaticsCardioСоматика2221-71852658-5707Eco-Vector4502610.26442/CS45026ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleSalt and hypertension. Possibilities of the non-drug prevention of hypertension by dietary correction in an organized population of 25-to-49-year-old men and women for 3 yearsСоль и артериальная гипертония. Возможности немедикаментозной профилактики артериальной гипертонии коррекцией питания в организованной популяции у мужчин и женщин от 25 до 49 лет в течение 3-летнего периодаMolchanovaO. VМолчановаОльга Викторовна

канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. применения амбулаторных диагностических методов в профилактике неинфекционных заболеваний ФГБУ ГНИЦ ПМ

ovm-337@mail.ruBritovA. NБритовАнатолий Николаевич

д-р. мед. наук, проф., вед. науч. сотр. отд. вторичной профилактики хронических неинфекционных заболеваний ФГБУ ГНИЦ ПМ

anbritov@yandex.ruAndreevaG. FАндрееваГаллия Фатиховна

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. применения амбулаторных диагностических методов в профилактике неинфекционных заболеваний ФГБУ ГНИЦ ПМ

galiya-61@mail.ruState Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, MoscowФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины Минздрава РФ, Москва1506201342NO2 (2013)ТОМ 4, №2 (2013)525724092020Copyright ©; 2013, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2013, ООО "Эко-Вектор"2013Eco-VectorООО "Эко-Вектор"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://cardiosomatics.ru/2221-7185/article/view/45026

There is much evidence for a relation between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of a BP reduction when sodium was limited in men and women with high normal BP. Three-year dietary intervention significantly lowered systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) in the men and women from the intervention group (p<0,05) as compared to those in the control group that showed natural BP changes and a significant increase in BP during the 3-year period (p<0,05). Furthermore, there was a significant weight loss in the intervention group as compared to the control one. In the long-term follow-up, lower salt consumption significantly reduces SBP and DBP in the men and women with high normal BP as compared with the control group.

Существует много доказательств взаимосвязи между потреблением соли и уровнем артериального давления (АД). Ограничение потребления натрия значительно снижает АД. Целью настоящего исследования было изучение эффективности снижения АД при ограничении потребления соли у мужчин и женщин с высоким нормальным АД. После 3-летнего диетического вмешательства выявлено достоверное снижение систолического (САД) и диастолического АД (ДАД) у мужчин и женщин в группе вмешательства (р<0,05) по сравнению с контрольной группой, в которой отмечена естественная динамика АД, наблюдалось достоверное увеличение АД в течение 3-летнего периода (р<0,05). Кроме того, отмечено достоверное снижение массы тела в группе вмешательства по сравнению с группой контроля. Снижение потребления соли достоверно снижает САД и ДАД у мужчин и женщин с высоким нормальным АД в течение длительного периода наблюдения по сравнению с контрольной группой.

hypertensionpreventionsodiumprospective population studyартериальная гипертонияпрофилактикасольпроспективное популяционное исследованиеWorld Health Organization – Primary prevention of essential hypertension report of a WHO Scientific Group. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; Technical Report Series 1982; 678.European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1635–701.2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1462–536.Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R. et al. Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee: Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003; 42: 1206–52.Kempner W. Treatment of hypertensive vascular disease with rice diet. Am J Med 1948; 4: 545–77.Alderman M.H., Cohen H, Madhavan S. Dietary sodium intake and mortality: the National Heath and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I). Lancet 1998; 351: 781–5.He J, Klag M.J., Whelton P.K. et al. Migration,blood pressure pattern, and hypertension: the Yi Migrant Study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 1085–101.Forte J.G., Miguel J.M., Miguel M.J. et al. Salt and blood pressure: a community trial. J Hum Hypertens 1989; 3: 179–84.Intersalt: an international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Results for 24 hour sodium and potassium excretion. Intersalt Cooperative Research Group. BMJ 1988; 297: 319–28.Brown I.J., Tzoulaki I, Candeias V, Elliott P. Salt intakes around the world: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol 2009; 38: 791–813.Graudal N.A., Hubeck-Graudal T, Jürgens G. Effects of low - sodium diet vs. highsodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride (Cochrane Review). Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 1–15.Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Leip E.P. et al. Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in non - hypertensive participants in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study. Lancet 2001; 358: 1682–6.Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Leip E.P. et al. Impact of high - normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2001; 45: 1291–7.Appel L.J., Moore T.J., Obarzanek E et al. A clinical trial of the effects ofdietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 1117–24.Elliott P, Stamler J, Nichols R et al. Intersalt revisited: further analyses of 24h sodium excretion and blood pressurewithin and across populations. Intersalt Cooperative Research Group. BMJ 1996; 312: 1249–53.Fitzsimons J.T. Angiotensin, thirst, and sodium appetite. Physiol Rev 1998; 78: 583–686.Dustan H.P., Tarazi R.C., Bravo E.L. Diuretic and diet treatment of hypertension. Arch Intern Med 1974; 133: 1007–11.Culter J.A., Follmann D, Elliott P and Suhl I. An overview ofrandomized trials of sodium reduction and blood pressure.Hypertension 1991; 17 Suppl. I, (1): 27–33.Gonzalez M.C., Cohen H.W., Sealey J.E. et al. Enduring direct association of baseline plasma renin activity with all - cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24: 1181–6.Furberg C.D. Public Health Policies: No Place for Surrogates. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25: 21.Sacks F.M., Svetkey L.P., Vollmer W.M. et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the dietaryapproaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 3–10.Cook N.R., Cutler J.A., Obarzanek E et al. for the Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group. Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: observational follow - up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP) BMJ 2007; 334: 885.Blackburn H. Primary Prevention of High Blood Pressure. A Population Approach. Ann Clin Res 1983; 16 (Suppl. 43): 11–7.National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Guidance on the prevention of cardiovascular disease at the population level; http://guidance.nice.org.uk/PH25 (Access verified 14 July 2010).