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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CardioSomatics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">CardioSomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>CardioСоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2221-7185</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-5707</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46027</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/22217185.2020.2.200098</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison of the results in Normal Flow High Gradient and Low Flow Low Gradient patients after correction of pronounced aortic stenosis with Ozaki procedure in the long-term observation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение результатов у пациентов c Normal Flow High Gradient и Low Flow Low Gradient после коррекции выраженного аортального стеноза процедурой Ozaki в отдаленном периоде наблюдения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazylev</surname><given-names>Vladlen V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базылев</surname><given-names>Владлен Владленович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., глав. врач ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tungusov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тунгусов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, сердечно-сосудистый хирург, зав. 2-м КХО ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babukov</surname><given-names>Ruslan M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабуков</surname><given-names>Руслан Медарисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cardiologist, Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог, врач ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bartosh</surname><given-names>Fedor L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бартош</surname><given-names>Федор Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cardiologist, Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач ультразвуковой диагностики, врач-кардиолог ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikulyаk</surname><given-names>Artur I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Микуляк</surname><given-names>Артур Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>сardiovascular surgeon, Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>сердечно-сосудистый хирург ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkova</surname><given-names>Alena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшкова</surname><given-names>Алена Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ultrasound doctor, Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБУ ФЦССХ</p></bio><email>cardio-penza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Федеральный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-09-25"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-09-25"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cardiosomatics.ru/2221-7185/article/view/46027">https://cardiosomatics.ru/2221-7185/article/view/46027</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. It has been proven that patients with Low Flow Low Gradient (LFLG) after aortic valve replacement with biological or mechanical prostheses have a higher mortality rate and the number of adverse events compared with patients with Normal Flow High Gradient (NFHG). However, there are currently no comparative studies of patients with NFHG and LFLG after the Ozaki procedure. The better hemodynamic properties of autopericardial cusps compared with biological prostheses can more favorably influence the results in patients with LFLG in the short and long-term follow-up periods.</p> <p>Aim. 1. Compare the hospit and long-term results of patients of the LFLG group with the results of patients of the NFHG group after the Ozaki procedure. 2. Identify predictors of hospital and long-term mortality in patients with LFLG.</p> <p>Materials and methods. All patients have been divided into two groups. Group 1: 137 patients with NFHG and signs of classic aortic stenosis: AVA&lt;1 cm<sup>2</sup>, Gmean&gt;40, SV index ≥35 ml/m<sup>2</sup> and normal left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction. Group 2. 71 patients with LFLG and underestimation of the average gradient indices (Gmean&lt;40) despite a decrease in the aortic valve aperture AVA&lt;1 cm<sup>2</sup> amid a decrease in the index of stroke volume &lt;35 ml/m<sup>2</sup> and LV systolic function.</p> <p>Results. Hospital mortality after surgical correction of AV stenosis was significantly higher in patients of group 2: 3 (4.2%) patients and 1 (0.7%) patients, respectively (p=0.002). Survival at the maximum follow-up period for patients with LFLG was significantly lower than in the group of patients with NFHG 88.6 (95% confidence interval – CI 44–49.6) and 97.8 (95% CI 48.9–51), respectively (p=0.009). According to the results of the Cox regression analysis, the independent predictors of mortality in the long-term follow-up of patients with LFLG are the SV odds ratio 0.8 (95% CI 0.9–1.1); p=0.008 and the global longitudinal LV deformation (GLS) odds ratio 0.56 (95% CI 0.47–1.1); p=0.01.</p> <p>Conclusions. 1. After the Ozaki procedure, patients with the LFLG group have higher risks of adverse events, both at the hospital stage and in the long-term follow-up, compared to patients with NFHG. 2. The duration of ischemia and LV mass are predictors of hospital mortality in the LFLG group of patients. 3. Predictors of long-term mortality in patients with LFLG are LV stroke volume index and global longitudinal LV deformation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. В нескольких крупных исследованиях было доказано, что пациенты с Low Flow Low Gradient (LFLG) после протезирования аортального клапана (АК) биологическими или механическими протезами имеют более высокую смертность и количество неблагоприятных событий по сравнению с пациентами с Normal Flow High Gradient (NFHG). Однако на сегодняшний день нет сравнительных исследований пациентов этих групп после процедуры протезирования створок аутоперикардом по методике Ozaki. Актуальность исследования заключается в том, что значительно лучшие гемодинамические свойства створок из аутоперикарда по сравнению с биологическими протезами могут несколько благоприятнее отражаться на результатах у пациентов с LFLG в ближайших и отдаленных периодах наблюдения.</p> <p>Цель. 1. Сравнить ближайшие и отдаленные результаты пациентов группы LFLG с результатами пациентов группы NFHG после реконструкции АК аутоперикардом по методике Ozaki. 2. Определить предикторы госпитальной и отдаленной летальности у пациентов с LFLG.</p> <p>Материалы и методы. Все исследуемые пациенты были разделены на две группы: 1-я – 137 пациентов с NFHG с признаками классического аортального стеноза AVA&lt;1 cм<sup>2</sup>, Gmean&gt;40 мм рт. ст., индексом ударного объема левого желудочка (УО ЛЖ)≥35 мл/м<sup>2</sup> и нормальными показателями фракции выброса ЛЖ, средний возраст 60±11 лет, из них женского пола – 20 пациентов; 2-я – 71 пациент с LFLG – пациенты, у которых на фоне снижения индекса УО ЛЖ&lt;35 мл/м<sup>2</sup> или систолической функции ЛЖ отмечалась недооценка показателей среднего градиента Gmean&lt;40 мм рт. ст., несмотря на незначительную площадь отверстия АК AVA&lt;1 cм<sup>2</sup>. Средний возраст 61±10 лет, из них женского пола – 43 пациента.</p> <p>Результаты. Госпитальная летальность после хирургической коррекции АК была достоверно выше у пациентов в группе с LFLG, чем у пациентов в группе с NFHG, 3 (4,2%) пациента – 1 (0,7%) пациент соответственно (p=0,002). Выживаемость в максимальный период наблюдения для пациентов с LFLG была значительно ниже, чем в группе пациентов с NFHG: 88,6 (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 44–49,6) и 97,8 (95% ДИ 48,9–51) соответственно (p=0,009). По результатам регрессии Кокса независимыми предикторами летальности в отдаленном периоде наблюдения у пациентов с LFLG являются и ударный объем [отношение шансов 0,8 (95% ДИ 0,9–1,1); p=0,008] и глобальная продольная деформация ЛЖ [отношение шансов 0,56 (95% ДИ 0,47–1,1); p=0,01].</p> <p>Выводы. 1. После процедуры Ozaki пациенты группы с LFLG имеют более высокие риски неблагоприятных событий как на госпитальном этапе, так и в отдаленном периоде наблюдения по сравнению с пациентами с NFHG. 2. Предикторами госпитальной летальности в группе пациентов c LFLG являются длительность ишемии и масса ЛЖ. 3. Предикторами летальности в отдаленном периоде у пациентов с LFLG являются индекс УО ЛЖ и глобальная продольная деформация ЛЖ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Low Flow Low Gradient</kwd><kwd>Ozaki surgery</kwd><kwd>aortic stenosis</kwd><kwd>stroke volume index</kwd><kwd>global longitudinal deformity of the left ventricle</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Low Flow Low Gradient</kwd><kwd>операция Ozaki</kwd><kwd>аортальный стеноз</kwd><kwd>индекс ударного объема</kwd><kwd>глобальная продольная деформация левого желудочка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease. 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