Minerals of the hydrotalcite group: crystal chemistry and a new perspective on 'old' minerals

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Abstract

The paper summarizes the data on the structures of hydrotalcite group minerals – layered double hydroxides with the general formula M2+ 6 M3+ 2 (OH)16Am– 2/m·4H2O (М2+ = Mg2+, Ni2+; М3+ = Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Mn3+, Co3+; A = CO32–, Cl– and OH–). It is shown that all of them crystallize with the structure of 3R- and 2H-polytypes without the formation of superstructures. The a unit-cell parameter is in the range of 3.05–3.13 Å. The characteristic interlayer distances (d00n) for the members of the group with carbonate and chloride anions are ~7.80 and 8.04 Å, respectively (c = d00n × 2 for 2H and c = d00n × 3 for 3R). Three hydrotalcite group minerals should be reconsidered taking into account new crystallographic data and regularities: takovite and droninoite most likely correspond to minerals of the quintinite group with M2+ : M3+ = 2 : 1, rather than to minerals of the hydrotalcite group, and the data on reevesite indicate that this name could describe two minerals with M2+ : M3+ = 3 : 1 and 2 : 1.

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About the authors

Е. S. Zhitova

Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: zhitova_es@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

S. V. Krivovich

St. Petersburg State University; Kola Scientific Center RAS

Email: zhitova_es@mail.ru
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; Apatity

I. V. Pekov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: zhitova_es@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. А. Zolotarev

Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg State University

Email: zhitova_es@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky; St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Image of pyroaurite from the Kovdor complex obtained in the backscattered electron detection mode. Note: the width of the largest pyroaurite plate is about 100 µm.

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3. Fig. 2. Hypothetical superstructures of minerals of the hydrotalcite group (i.e. with M2+ : M3+ = 3 : 1): a – 2 × 2, b – √3 × 2.

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4. Fig. 3. Relationship between the average radius of octahedral layer cations and the parameter a': light diamonds – relationship for hydrtalcite group minerals without takovite, rivesite and droninoite (R2 = 0.91); black diamond – droninoite with a chemical composition calculated for the ratio M2+ : M3+ = 3 : 1 (R2 = 0.73); white diamond – droninoite with a chemical composition calculated for the ratio M2+ : M3+ = 2 : 1 (R2 = 0.88).

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