To the revision of the middle Permian bolosaurids (Tetrapoda, Bolosaurida) of Eastern Europe

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Abstract

A re-examination of the holotype of Permotriturus herrei Tatarinov, 1968 (Tetrapoda, Bolosaurida) supplemented by a new specimen from the type locality Isheevo, Republic of Tatarstan, European Russia, supports the validity of the genus Belebey Ivakhnenko, 1973. The differences between the genera Belebey and Permotriturus were established in the relationships of elements forming the suborbital portion of the skull roof, features of tooth implantation, as well as in the pattern of vasculature of the jaw bones. In spite the specialized condition of the dental system of P. herrei and its upper-most (terminal Urzhumian) stratigraphic position in comparison with other bolosaurid species, the morphology of its cheek region exhibits more similarity with that of the lower Permian bolosaurids of North America other than members of the genus Belebey. The absence of clear diagnostic criteria allows no possibility for subdivision of the order Bolosaurida on taxa of the family rank based on its middle Permian representatives.

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About the authors

V. V. Bulanov

Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russia Kazan Federal University

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Email: bulanov@paleo.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 117647; Kazan, 420008

References

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Permotriturus herrei Tatarinov, holotype PIN, no. 157/500, left dentary: a–g – CT reconstruction from above, below, laterally and medially, respectively; d – longitudinal vertical section of the CT model (virtual) along the mid-width line of the teeth; e, g – horizontal virtual sections slightly below the alveolar margin and below the end of the root part of the teeth, respectively; h – virtual sections (vertical along the longitudinal axis of the sixth from the end of the alveolus and oblique through the lateral vascularization zone); i – vertical transverse virtual section through the fifth from the end of the alveolus; Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, Isheevo locality; middle Permian, Urzhumian Stage. Designations: ab – alveolar bone tissue, ac – basal alveolar vessels, bt – basal trabeculae of alveolar bone tissue, cp – coronoid protrusion, d – dentinal wall of the tooth root, iz – dental implantation zone, jb – jaw bone tissue, lc – intraosseous lacunae, mc – Meckel’s groove of cartilage, pl – folding of the inner surface of the dentinal wall of the root, rl – border of overlapping zones of implantation of adjacent teeth, vz – zone of intensive vascularization.

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3. Fig. 2. Permotriturus herrei, specimen KFU, No. B 823/54, left maxillare: a–g, i – CT reconstruction ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial, and caudal, respectively; d – virtual longitudinal vertical section of the CT model along the midwidth line of the teeth; e, g – horizontal virtual sections at the level of the alveolar margin and basal part of the roots of the teeth, respectively; h, k – virtual cross sections through the alveolus of the last and penultimate maxillary teeth; Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, Isheevo locality; Middle Permian, Urzhumian Stage. Designations: flEct – attachment area of ​​ectopterygoideum; lfa and flp – anterior and posterior parts of the lateral contact area, respectively; pl – folding of the wall of the root part of the tooth in its basal part; the rest are as in Fig. 1. The numbers indicate the tooth positions, starting from the first preserved alveolus.

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4. Fig. 3. Implantation depth of buccal teeth of Middle Permian bolosaurids from Eastern Europe (vertical CT sections along the longitudinal axis of the crown): a – the penultimate (tenth) maxillary tooth of the holotype of Belebey shumovi (specimen PIN, No. 4312/4); b – the maxillary tooth from the middle part of the buccal series of the holotype of B. vegrandis (specimen PIN, No. 164/50); c – the lower jaw tooth from the middle part of the buccal series of the holotype of B. maximi (specimen SGU, No. 104B/2027). Designations: d – dentin, ab – alveolar bone tissue, jb – jaw bone tissue, rf – resorption hole associated with the immersion of the replacement tooth bud into the alveolus, rpt – intra-alveolar forming crown of the replacement tooth.

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5. Fig. 4. Reconstruction of the relationship of the elements of the skull roof in the suborbital region of various representatives of Bolosaurida: a – Belebey vegrandis (based on specimen SSU, No. 104B/2021), b – Bolosaurus striatus (based on Watson, 1954, with modifications), c – Permotriturus herrei (based on holotype PIN, No. 157/500). Designations: J – jugale, L – lacrimale, Mx – maxillare, Qj – quadratojugale.

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