Residential buildings design in view of insolation requirements by Russian and European standards

Capa

Citar

Texto integral

Acesso aberto Acesso aberto
Acesso é fechado Acesso está concedido
Acesso é fechado Somente assinantes

Resumo

Insolation, defined as direct solar irradiation of surfaces and spaces, provides the Sun natural ultraviolet radiation from and is a natural factor in which man was formed. The insolation of residential, public buildings and adjacent territories helps to limit the spread of viral and bacterial diseases, pathogenic microflora transmitted by airborne droplets and through publicly accessible indoor surfaces. The article analyzes the features of domestic and foreign insolation duration rationing. It is shown that Russian standards provide a higher density of urban development compared to the European Union standards. They are the limit beyond which a sharp decline in the urban environment quality and difficult-to-predict infections epidemiological risks begin.

Texto integral

Acesso é fechado

Sobre autores

I. Shmarov

Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: shmarovigor@yandex.ru

Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)

Rússia, 21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238

V. Zemtsov

Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS

Email: zemcov-v@yandex.ru

Engineer

Rússia, 21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238

Yu. Sladkova

North-Western Scientific Center of Hygiene and Public Health

Email: sladkova.julia@list.ru

Senior Researcher

Rússia, 4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036

Yu. Popovskiy

Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy)

Email: popovskiy@yandex.ru

Architect

Rússia, 11/4, Rogdestvenkaya Street, Moscow, 107031

Bibliografia

  1. Fokin S.G., Bobkova T.E., Shishova M.S. Evaluation of hygienic principles of insolation standardization in a large city using Moscow as an example. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2003. No. 2, pp. 9–11. (In Russian). EDN: OIWPCX
  2. Kratkaya meditsinskaya entsiklopediya [Brief Medical Encyclopedia]. Ed. by V.I. Pokrovsky. Moscow: NPO “Medical Encyclopedia”, “Kron-Press”. 1994. Vol. 1. 608 p.; Vol. 2. 544 p.
  3. Ratnesar-Shumate S., Williams G., Green B., Krause M., Holland B., Wood S., Bohannon J., Boydston J., Freeburger D., Hooper I., Beck K., Yeager J, Altamura L.A., Biryukov J., Yolitz J., Schuit M., Wahl V., Hevey M., and Dabisc P. Simulated Sunlight Rapidly Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces Shanna Ratnesar- Shumate. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020. No. 6, pp. 3–9.
  4. Belyakova V.K. Natural ultraviolet radiation and its bactericidal action. Ul’trafioletovoe izluchenie. 1966, pp. 322–326.
  5. Litusov N.V. Virusy grippa [Influenza viruses]. Ekaterinburg: UGMU. 2018. 22 p.
  6. Popovsky Yu.B., Shchepetkov N.I. Insolation and COVID-19: protection from the aggressor. Svetotekhnika. 2020. No. 3, pp. 23–26. (In Russian).
  7. Smagina I.V., Lunev K.V., Yelchaninova S.A. Vitamin D status in patients with multiple sclerosis: association with sunlight, disease course and polymorphism of the HLA-DRB1 gene. Nevrologiya, Neiropsikhiatriya, Psikhosomatika. 2020. Vol. 12 (3), pp. 63–68. (In Russian). EDN: ZPFZNR. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-3-63-68
  8. Petrov A.V., Ivantsov A.I. On the need to revise the current insolation standards in architectural practice. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2024. No. 10, pp. 44–51. (In Russian). EDN: NMOBCY. https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2024-10-44-51
  9. Turulov V.A. Insolyatsiya i sistemy solnechnogo bakteritsidnogo oblucheniya pomeshchenii [Insolation and systems of solar bactericidal irradiation of premises]. Moscow: Science. 2014. 176 p.
  10. Shmarov I.A., Zemtsov V.A., Guskov A.S., Brazhnikova L.V. Insolation of premises as a means of limiting the spread of COVID-19, influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in the urban environment. ACADEMIA. Arkhitektura i Stroitel’stvo. 2020. No. 4, pp. 83–92. (In Russian). EDN: ELVPLH. https://doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2020-4-83-92
  11. Andreeva P.N. Prikhodko A.G. Insolation: concept, legislative regulation, role of architecture. Svetoteknika. 2025. No. 2, pp. 4–9. (In Russian). EDN: XLUHTA
  12. Vasil’eva A.V The history of the formation of sanitary rationing in domestic housing construction in the first third of the twentieth century. Stroitel’stvo: Nauka i Obrazovanie. 2022. Vol. 12. No. 3, pp. 72–79. (In Russian). EDN: DUVIBG. https://doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2022.3.4

Arquivos suplementares

Arquivos suplementares
Ação
1. JATS XML
Baixar
2. Fig. 1. Comparison of the insolation charts for March 22 - September 22 and April 22 – August 22

Baixar (709KB)
Metadados
3. Fig. 2. Shadow mask of the room with a loggia under study

Baixar (291KB)
Metadados
4. Fig. 3. A solar map with the shadow mask of the room under study superimposed on the facade

Baixar (301KB)
Metadados
5. Fig. 4. An example of calculating the insolation period for March 22 – September 22 with the projected buildings maximum possible height at compliance the normalized duration

Baixar (270KB)
Metadados
6. Fig. 5. An example of calculating the insolation period for April 22 – August 22 with the projected buildings maximum possible height at compliance the normalized duration

Baixar (341KB)
Metadados
7. Fig. 6. Building shading at calculating the insolation for March 22 – September 22. Periods of intermittent insolation are shown in blue

Baixar (669KB)
Metadados
8. Fig. 7. The impact of building construction at calculation on April 22 – August 22. Periods of intermittent insolation are shown in blue

Baixar (831KB)
Metadados

Declaração de direitos autorais © Advertising publishing company "STROYMATERIALY", 2025