Влияние кардарина на экспрессию генов белков, вовлеченных в эпилептогенез, в гиппокампе крыс в литий-пилокарпиновой модели височной эпилепсии

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В последние годы активно обсуждается роль в патогенезе эпилепсии астро- и микроглиальных клеток и связанного с ними нейровоспаления. Эти клетки могут быть в разных функциональных состояниях, крайние из которых A1 и M1 фенотипы продуцируют преимущественно провоспалительные (способствующие эпилептогенезу) белки, а A2 и M2 фенотипы – противовоспалительные (предотвращающие эпилептогенез) белки. Предполагается, что использование препаратов, способных стимулировать поляризацию от М1 и А1 к М2 и А2 фенотипам, может стать успешной стратегией лечения эпилепсии. К таким препаратам относятся агонисты ядерных рецепторов, активируемых пролифератором пероксисом (PPARs). Целью данной работы стало изучение изменений экспрессии микро- и астроглиальных белков, вовлеченных в регуляцию эпилептогенеза, в дорзальном гиппокампе крыс в литий-пилокарпиновой модели височной эпилепсии и исследование влияния на эти процессы агониста PPAR бета/дельта кардарина. Кардарин вводили на начальных этапах эпилептогенеза (в течение 7 дней после индукции TLE модели), через два месяца (хроническая фаза модели) проводили анализ экспрессии генов интереса в дорзальном гиппокампе методом ОТ-ПЦР в реальном времени. Проведенное исследование выявило изменение экспрессии генов астро- и микроглиальных белков в процессе эпилептогенеза, в основном связанное с усилением нейровоспалительных процессов и ослаблением нейропротекторных свойств этих клеток. У TLE крыс увеличивалась экспрессия генов маркеров активации астро- (Gfap) и микроглии (Aif1), про- (Il1b, Nlrp3) и противовоспалительных (Il1rn) белков, маркеров фенотипа A1 астроцитов (Lcn2, Gbp2) и ростовых факторов (Bdnf, Fgf2). Экспрессия гена защитного М2 фенотипа Arg1 снижалась у TLE крыс. Наиболее яркий эффект введения кардарина проявился в усилении экспрессии гена маркера A2 фенотипа астроцитов S100a10.

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А. Р. Харисова

Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова РАН

Email: ZubarevaOE@mail.ru
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

А. И. Рогинская

Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова РАН

Email: ZubarevaOE@mail.ru
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

О. Е. Зубарева

Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова РАН

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: ZubarevaOE@mail.ru
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

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2. Рис. 1. Схема эксперимента. Cntr+Veh – контрольная группа без введения кардарина; TLE+Veh – экспериментальная группа без введения кардарина; Cntr+GW – контрольная группа с введением кардарина; TLE+GW – экспериментальная группа с введением кардарина. На срезе мозга представлена схема выделения дорзального гиппокампа.

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3. Рис. 2. Относительная экспрессия генов маркера активации астроцитов Gfap (a) и микроглиальных клеток Aif1 (b) в дорзальном гиппокампе экспериментальных и контрольных крыс; * р < 0.05, двухфакторный ANOVA (модель х лечение) с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Сидака или непараметрический аналог ANOVA тест Крускала – Уоллиса с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Данна.

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4. Рис. 3. Относительная экспрессия генов провоспалительных белков Il1b (a), Nlrp3 (b), Tnfa (d) и противовоспалительного цитокина Il1rn (с) в дорзальном гиппокампе экспериментальных и контрольных крыс; * р < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, двухфакторный ANOVA (модель х лечение) с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Сидака или непараметрический аналог ANOVA тест Крускала – Уоллиса с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Данна.

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5. Рис. 4. Относительная экспрессия генов маркеров провоспалительного А1 фенотипа (a, b) и нейропротекторного фенотипа А2 (с, d) астроглии в дорзальном гиппокампе экспериментальных и контрольных крыс; * р < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, двухфакторный ANOVA (модель х лечение) с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Сидака.

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6. Рис. 5. Относительная экспрессия генов маркеров провоспалительного М1 (a) и противовоспалительного М2 (b) фенотипа микроглии, а также их соотношение (c) в дорзальном гиппокампе экспериментальных и контрольных крыс. * р < 0.05 в двухфакторном ANOVA (модель х лечение) с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Сидака.

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7. Рис. 6. Относительная экспрессия генов нейротрофических факторов Bdnf (a), Gdnf (b) и Fgf2 (с) в дорзальном гиппокампе крыс; * р < 0.05; двухфакторный ANOVA (модель х лечение) с апостериорным тестом множественных сравнений Сидака.

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8. Рис. 7. Относительная экспрессия генов PPARs: Ppara (a), Ppard (b), Pparg (c) в дорзальном гиппокампе крыс; двухфакторный ANOVA (модель х лечение).

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