Selective limiting concentration of the electrolyte solutions with singly and doubly charged cations

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Abstract

The effect of the anion exchange layer of the copolymer N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride and methyl methacrylate on the electrochemical properties of a homogeneous perfluorosulfopolymer-based cation exchange membrane has been studied. Applying a modifying layer with a thickness of 5 microns to a membrane with a thickness of 215 microns leads to a decrease in electrical conductivity by no more than 35%, while the diffusion permeability decreases by more than 5 times and ceases to depend on concentration.

During membrane testing, similar levels of concentration were achieved in the process of the limiting electrodialysis concentration of sodium chloride solution. The effectiveness of a bilayer membrane for selective electrodialysis concentration was demonstrated. During the concentration of sodium and calcium chlorides mixture, the permselectivity coefficient P(Na+/Ca2+) ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 in the case of using the cation exchange membrane. Using a bilayer membrane led to a significant increase of the permselectivity coefficient, ranging from 1.5 to 2.7, depending on current density. This makes it possible to efficiently separate electrolytes with singly and doubly charged ions.

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About the authors

N. O. Kovalchuk

Kuban State University; Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)

Author for correspondence.
Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Krasnodar; Novocherkassk

A. A. Minenko

Kuban State University

Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Krasnodar

N. A. Romanyuk

Kuban State University

Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Krasnodar

N. V. Smirnova

Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)

Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Novocherkassk

S. A. Loza

Kuban State University

Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Krasnodar

V. I. Zabolotsky

Kuban State University

Email: kovol13@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Krasnodar

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. Structural formula of the copolymer of N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride and ethyl methacrylate

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3. Fig. 2. Scheme of the LEDC with non-flow concentration chambers: A – anion exchange membrane; K – cation exchange membrane; EC – electrode chamber; BK – buffer chamber; KO – desalination chamber; KK – concentration chamber.

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4. Fig. 3. Specific electrical conductivity of the original (1) and bilayer (2) membranes in NaCl solutions.

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5. Fig. 4. Concentration dependences of the integral coefficient of diffusion permeability in a NaCl solution for the initial (1) and bilayer (2) membranes.

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of specific energy consumption on current density with membrane pairs MF4SKl/MA-41 (1) and MF-4SKl5/MA-41 (2).

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of the potential drop in the sodium chloride solution on the initial (1) and bilayer (2) membrane on the current density

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8. Fig. 8. Dependence of the concentration (a, b) and flux density (c, d) of Na+ (1) and Ca2+ (2) ions in the CC on the current density when using the membrane pair MF-4SKl/MA-41 (a, c) and MF4SKl5/MA-41 (b, d).

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9. Fig. 7. Dependence of the magnitude of the potential drop in a solution of sodium and calcium chlorides on the original (1) and bilayer (2) membrane.

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10. Fig. 9. Dependence of the solvent (water) flow density in the CC on the current density when using the membrane pair MF-4SKl/MA-41 (a) and MF-4SKl5/MA-41 (b).

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11. Fig. 10. Dependence of specific energy consumption on current density when using the membrane pair MF-4SKl/MA-41 (a) and MF-4SKl5/MA-41 (b).

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12. Fig. 11. Volt-ampere characteristic of a cation exchange membrane in a solution of calcium and sodium chlorides for the original (1) and bilayer (2) membranes

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13. Fig. 12. Dependence of the coefficient of specific selective permeability on i/ilim when using the membrane pair MF-4SKl/MA-41 (a) and MF-4SKl5/MA-41 (b).

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